Transmission-gearing.



J. 51111111.1111. TBANSHISSIQN BEARING. -LIPVIyIfJAlfIDI FILED 00Tf21,1910.

mndguly 30, 1912.

mi. .bmw 3 MNKNS wm #11mm .v mmwmlkm, Imm! iwi Wb 1Q m W mf 1 J.EGKHARD. TRANsMrssIoN GVBARING. n APPLIGATION FILED 00T. 21, 19110.1,034,349. Patented July 3o, 1912,

3 SHBETS-SHEET 2.

J. EGKHARD.

TRANSMISSION GEARNG. APPLICATION FILED om. 21, 1910,

Patented July 30, 1912. s SHEHTIHEBET a.

oni-ran Jenn sonni-ann, or Bos-fron, MASSACHUSETTS, AssrGivoRTo HERCULES.Moron TRUCK ornoSToN, MASSACHUSETTS, A coni-ORATIOn` or MASSACHUSETTS.

honrar f PATENT oFFIoE.

TRANSMISSION-Graeme.

i i. Speciioation of Letters Patent.

ratented'July so, 1912.1

Application filed October 21,.'1910. `Serial No. 588,237. i

Toall whom, it may conce-rn.

Be it known that l.'JOHN-.Felanitx la citizen ofv the United States,vand resident; of

Boston, county of "Su'iiOlinjStateof iVla'Ss-a-v ehusetts, have inventedan Improvement in TransmissionGearing, of which thefollowingdescription, in eonnection with the aoeompanying drawing, is aspecification, like characters en the drawingrepresenting like v parte..l

This invention relates to transmission gearing adapted for` useinl/automobiles, and the object of the invention isl to provide a novelconstruction by which more or less of a braking eect may be applied tothe gears of t transmission gearing,v whenever 'the sli... a...e gearsare shifted to effecta Change of speed, thereby to reduce more or lessthe vspeed .o't'rotation of the gears, so that when the shittable gearis thrown into mesh with another gear the tivo gears vvill be rotating t't substantially the same speed and the dang of stripping the teeth ofthe gears may life, avoided. f

- In'changing eostomarv fi ile-speed ot' an 'automobile it 'todisconnect the clutch by ie shaft is operatfxlt 'and i mechanismthereby-to eiiect the dein speed 'While the clutch is connected.ll'vhere the gears of the transit ion .gearing are large and heavy. asin the Vease, of transmission gearing adapted for a motor truck, themomentum of the thus d ai gears is suoli that they will continue torotate with praetieally undiminished 'speed for ja considerable lengthof time. after the l clutch hasbeen disconnected, and after theshiftable gears of the transmission gearing are free. When anytwo-'gears 'of this na ture are thrown into engagement with each .otherWhile they are moving at different speeds relative to each other, lthereis alivay's danger that some of the teeth of on'e or both gears willbestripped and it is desirahle that the two gears should be brought tosubstantially the same spe-ed before bringing them into engagement.- Bymy invention .l have provided' a 'brake mehanism .is so arranged that it'can beoperated duce more or less the speed of rotation for op thesliit'table gears ot the trans- ...ing ihfsiiifang O'fv'thelshiaabiegear to es feet a changein speed and by means of this construction l amable to so regulate the relativeV speed of the vgears that are to bebrought into mesh that all danger ot stripping the teeth of the gearscan be'avoided. y I will first describe one embodiment.- of my inventionand then point Out the 'novel features thereof in the appended claims.

In the'drawings, Figure 1 is a plan View of my improved transmissiongearing with some of the parts shown insection. Fig. 2 is a section onthe line 'y-y Fig..1;'Fig.'3 is a section on substantially the line ri-mFig. 1; Fig. 4.- is a section on the line d -a Fig. 1; Fig. 5 1 av viewof the locking member for the adjrsxjfable bushing of the bearing; Fig.6 is a'vieH of the transmission gearing supported E its frame,and'showing the lever ating the shiftable gears of the trasmissiongearing; Fig. 7 is a view of the Ori C In the drawings 3' designates thedriving shaft which is connected t and is driven by 'the engine in anysuitable Way, and 4 represents nthe driven shaft.. The drivingand drivenshafts are shown as being connected,...- -by a transmission gearing ofthat type' .which in most respects is 'of a type that iS familiar to theart. comprises a gear fast or integral with the shaft 3, and meshingwith a larger gear 6 fast on a shaft The Shaft '7 has thereonthreegears, 8, 9 and 10.

11 is a shaft carrying the shifta'ble gears 12 and 13, said shaft 11being herein Shown as situated in line axially With the shaft.- Theshiftable gears 1Q andv 13 are splined to the shaft 11, and are adaptedto be shifted longitudinally thereof by two actuators 14 and 15, whichare provided with forked arms 16 and 17 vthat engage the'hubs of the-gears 12 and 13 in a Well known Way. Actuators 14 and 15 are slida-blymountedin grooves or guideways 18 and 19, formed in the casinor 200, inwhich the transmission gearing .is inclosed, said actuators beingoperated by the. usual leyer as will be more, fully described. Theshiftable gear 13 interior teeth 20 that are adapted to'engggg.

engage the teethof the 'gear 8.' lThe shiftable gear 12 adaptedto .bebrought into mesh eitherj ',with the vgear 9' or with 'the idleroninterinediate gear 22, which meshes constantly With the'fgear 10.l4The shaft 11- is'geared to 'the driven shaft 4 in VSome suitable way,as means of the beveledlgears 24, 25, and a suitable differential gearmechanism 2G if desired. When the shift-able gear 13 is in engagementwith' the gear 5, the driven shaft will be operated directly from theengine shaft 3 and the counter-shaft7 will simply run idly. This is thearrangement when high speed is desired. 'When the shiftable gear 1'3 isinY mesh with the'V gear 8, vthe shaft 11 and the driven shaft will berotated at a slower speed through the gears 5,6, 8 and 13. `Then theshiftable gear 13 is disconnected from both thegears 5 and 8, and theshiftable gear 12 is vin mesh with the gear 9, the driven shaft will berotated 'at still slower speed, while when the shift-able gear 12 isthrown into mesh with the idler 22, the driven shaft will be ro-g tatedin reverse direction. f

The parts as thus-far described are or may. be of any suitableconstruction and form no partof my present invention.

' When the transmission gearing is a heavy one, adapted to .transmit ahigh horse power, the gears of the'tr'ansmission gearing have so muchweight 'that when, during the operi ation of changingthe speed, theVmain driving shaft 3 is unclutched from the engine, and the shiftable'gear is thrown out of mesh with one -of the gears preparatory tothrowing it into mesh with another. gear, the moment-um of the gears issuliicient to cause them to continue rotating with practicallyundiminished speed Afor a considerable-length of time. In order toprevent thedanger of stripping the teeth of the gears, it is desirablethat the gearsthat are to bey thrown into mesh should be brought as nearas 'possible .to the same speed ofrotation before they are thrown intoengagement with each other. My present invention accomplishes thisobject and in the selected embodiment of my invention, I do this (by.providing a brake for the dri-ving shaft 3.

and also providing means whereby said brake can be applied to a greateror 'less extent during. the shifting of the shiftable I' gears andbefore either of said gears is carried into mesh withanother gearthereby to reducethe speed of the gears connected with the driving shaftso that the two gears which are to be brought into mesh will have sub1stantially the same speed of rotation before they are nally brought intoengagement with each other. brake to the shaft 3 automatically, andl inthe embodiment of invention illustrated I prefer to apply thehave showna means foraccomplishing this actuators 14 and 1.5,so' that-.the brakewill be applied Whenever either actuator is moved. In this, waythe,gears of the transmission gearingjtzan v*bev slow'edrdown more or lessbefore either ofv the'shi'ftable gears is throw gearing.

Whilehit'is within my invention t employ any 'suitable brakefor'retardin or stopping L'the'rotationvof the vdriving s aft,- I haveherein shown said shaft having rigid or integraL therewith a brake drumor disk26, whichis-acted upon by "a brake band. The brake bandis shown"as comprising the two parts 27 and-28 that-are hinged"k together'at `29,the part27t having the. arm'30 extending therefrom, which is heldinplace by a positioning pin 31 carried by the casing 200..' The part28jalso has van arm-.'32 extending-I therefrom, wliich is'provided withan aper- *ture through -whichthe positioning pin'31 extends. `The-arm 30 rests on a stop' screw' 33 carried by the casing, so thatgbytapplyingpressure to the end4 ofthe arm` 32 the brakel will be applied tothebrake disk its stated above, I have provided mechanism for automaticallyapplying this brake during the shifting movement of either of theactuators 14s or 15, and the mechanismfI' have herein 1 stfrated foraccomplishing this comprises a shaft' 34 journaled in the casing 200,and provided .at one end with anl arm'35 adapted to bear on the arm 32and provided at its 'otlner endwith an arm 36, which has a lportionoverlying the actuators 14 and 15. Each `actuatorfis provided with aprojection 37, which Pis adapted to engage. the end of the arm l36 Aas.the actuator is 'mOVed'lOn'gitudina-Hy, thereby rocking the shaft 34 andapplying pressure tothe arm 32 of the brake member 28'. The cam projections 37 are so arrangedthat this braking` pressure-.will be appliedmomentarily dur-- lng the shifting movement of each actuator,

the operation of applying kand thenA relieving the braking pressurewhile. each actuator is .Y

arated the gears 9, 10and 5, 8 so that each the time when eachshi-ftable' anbecomes end which 'is operated by'either one of the .vinto mesh .with'any gear of the transmission butwillfbe relieved beforeeach actuator f 'completes its movement. In order to permit making. itsoperative movement, I have' sepactuator hasto .make a stroke ofconsider-` able length in order to carry ,itsv yshiftable gear from one-extreme 'position tothefother, -v By doing so, there is plenty'oftime-,between disengaged from onef'gearfan before. it .is l

the shiftablegear'lZis in the process of be 1 @ingshi'ftd inw en"agement'with' the gear 9;

:that is, the actuator 14 isi-beingl moved in the direction ofarrowf,Fig'r-L'fand-is in such a, position that the projectioni37 isactin onVthe arm 36 which is preferably-provided With an antijfrictionf rollV 38.Whei' athef parts are in the -fqition shownin Figs. 1' and 3-thebrakingf pressure is applied to the brake disk 26, and since-thearm'32 is Vof vsome considerable length, this momentary application ofthe braking pressureis 'sui-y cient to accomplish the desired end. Asthe actuator 14 completes its movement ih they direction of the arrow f,so asl to bring the -gear 12 into mesh with the gean, the projection 37will ass out from under the arm 36,1:thus relieving the braking.essure,' so that as soon as the gears are completely shifted, and theclutch for the driving shaft 3 is engaged, the transmission gearing willbe free to be started up. With the construir.

tion illustrated, it Would be' evident that Whenever either actuator isshifted, 'the brake will be momentarily, applied to the. The length andtime that said shaft 3.

. brake'is applied to the shaft depends upon the speed With whichtheshifting of the actuators isl accomplished. kIf either actuatorv operateto apply the brake for a suiiicient length of time to reduce the speedof thel driving shaft slightly so that the vgears k8 and 13 will berotating at substantially the same speed (it being' understood, o fcourse, that the gear 3 Will derive its rotation from the movementof thevehicle and the consecrient rotation of the driven shaft), Whileif ii.;change is to be from the high speed to Ize nextto the lowest speed theactuator will be moved more slowly so as to reduce the lrotation of thedriving shaft to a point4 where the gears 12 and 9 AWill be'rotating atsubstantially the same speed before said gears are broughtintoengagement, It iyill thus be seenl that by properly manipulating`the actuators the speed of the driving shaft 55 can be controlled afterthe clutch is disconnected so'that the gears which are to be broughtinto :mesh will be rotating vat sub- -s'tantially':the same speed. Therewillthere fore be no danger of stripping the vgears Y yduring theshifting 'of the transmissioi gearing to effect the change of speed.

I'lfhe brake disk 26 and its. brake bands are located' inside of thecasing 200 for the tra-ns-A on` gearing,l and are therefore Working 11.

shown in Fig. 7,v so asv to allow-su'icient ,engage the. arm 36 when the@tambi is .in the center ofits` stroke, and tpermit of .ala

' As aconsequ'ence, this brake will mveveryz ma@ weer, ma there is neliabilthisp'reason, and =also-because the brake is :capable .ofdeif'elopingfconsiderable resistance, it is of advantagetfbejable to use`it 4as a'brake for the vehicle,'and -to permit this to bev done,. I,'have provided means whereby thisgbrake'may be applied by hand as wellas by the operation of the actuators 14 and 15. The shaft 34 has looselymounted thereon an arm 39, which is connected by a suitable link orconnection 40 tothe ordinarybrake treadle, or'to any other lever ortreadle desired. This arm 39 is provided 'with a pin 41, which isadapted vto engage another arm 42 rigid with the shaft 34, so

that when the arm 39 is'operated manually the pin 4,1"ivill be broughtagainst the arm 42, thereby rocking the shaft 34, and apply ing thebrake to the shaft 3. It will therevfare be possible to use this brakeon the haft 3, instead 'of the regular brakes of the rehicle' forretarding the speed thereof iin-` der many conditions.'l This is anadvantage, i because the ordinary brakes which are exposed to the dustand dirt, wear very iapidly, especially on .a heavy truck designed forcarrying' heavy hada-'Where vthebrake is used with great frequency. Thebrake herein shown is not subject to much Wear, be-A cause it isentirely is operating in oil.

I haye herein shown a plate 44, interposed between the arm 32 and 35,this plate being for the purpose of preventing the rocking protected,and because it" movement of the arm 35 from having any tendency todisplace the arm 32 laterally.

The actuators 14, 15, are shown as each having connected Ithereto a link45, which is connected to a slide '46, mounted in suitable guidesunderneath the-,grid 47. Thisgrid has the usual.'H slot 48 through whichthe actuating lever 49 extends, vsaid lever being the one by which thetransmission gearingv is actuated to effect change ofspeed. yEach slide46 has a pinf() extending therefrom,

which isadapted to be engaged'by-tlie lever 49, as usual indevicesjofthisnatura In order to permit each actuator toinove the j necessarydistance to eil'ect thel 'operation ,of the brake, I make the H slot 48of the'gh'ape tent.- of movement ,of` the lever .419.11 projection 37 isyso .situated soithat' proper operation 'of the'antuatiig lever 4 9, I'make `the H slot 48 with thespaee the tongues 51considerably-greater'thanthe v width of lever 49.' ,",In operatingthe-*device ias it. is essentialflthat in shipplng"e1 thr of the gears12,. 13 the'lever-'49fsliouldbe operated so as to carrysaid'gearoutjof-inesli the y; :gear in whichiitiwvas formerly in`meshe'ran v past the center position,.=so.astggcausehe @SQ iio vmounting 59, Wlncl sof .brake .to be applied ybefore' said lever isdisconnected from its slide. `.'-1l`he elongated space'betvveen thetongues 5l permits the lever 49 to be moved through a sufficient spaceto cause t-he brake to be applied whilepassing from one lend of theHslot to the other.

The shafts 3, '7, ll and 4 are sustained in suitable roller bearings,and one feature of my invention relates to a construction of theseroller bearings which permits a ready adjustment thereof as vvearoccurs. The

roller bearings are of that type embodying a series' of conical rolls 55rotating between.

tvvo rings' oigtlracks 5G and 57. The ring or track in each instance inengagement with a shoulder .or abut-ment such as S in Fig. 1. Asvvearoccurs in this type of beafring, it is necessary to shift the rings 56and a semi-.circular screw threaded seat to receive the screw threadedcarrier 59.' These two half bearings can be readily made. and may besecured 1n place 1n the casing '200 in any appropriate u'ay, as by meansof the.

bolts GQ. have herein shown each bolt 62 asprovideduith a collar 63,Which is received in tivo half recesses, formed in t-he meeting sides ofthe members 60 and Gl r'eqsp'eotively, ,each bolt having applied thereto.clamping nuts 64, by which the two members 6l, 69, are clampedtogether, Vand by 'which they are alsoV secured to the casing.

Q OO-Tlie collars 63 serre to help position the two members and 6l, andkeep them in alinement with each other.

I have also provided a simple locking device for -l'ockingthe carriers59 from rotation after they have been onceadjusted. rihisi lockingdevice is shown at 65, and it comprises a locking finger 6G, and 1t isradapted'to be secured to the bearingl member G0. rlhe finger visadapted to enter i in one of a number of grooves 67, formed in thecarrier 59, so that when the carrier has been properly adjusted' the,locking finger may be entered into the proper groove G7,

and may -then be clamped to the bear-ing member GO.' By making eachcarrier 59 with a plurality of notches G7, a very fine adjustment fofthe bearingr can be. secured, lf propose to use a lbearing ofth'lsnatu're where a bearing is required lf or anyo g e shafts in myimproved transmission gearing?y noses@ what I claim as new and desire tosecure by c Letters Patent is 1. The combination with a driving shaftand a driven shaft, of transmission gearing connecting said shafts; andcomprising a shiftable gear adapted by its'changeyin p07 sition toeffect a-change of speed in the driven shaft, an actuator for saidsliiftable gear, va brake for the driving shaft and means controlled bysaid actuatorgto apply the brake. l i

2. The combination IWith a driving ,and a driven shaft of transmissiongearing connecting said shafts and comprising a shiftable gear, anactuator for said gear, a brake for the driving shaft and means operatedby said actuator to applythe brake at a predetermined point in the-`movement of the actuator. l e

3. The combination with a ldriving and a driven shaft, ofv transmissiongearing connecting said-shafts, and comprising a shiftable gear, anactuator-for said gear, a brake for the driving shaft, and meansoperatedby .said actuator to apply the brake at a predetermined point in themovement! of the actuator. and then torelease the brake before thecompletion of the movement of the actuator. f

4. The combination with change gearing adapted "to produce variousspeeds, of an l actuatorfor effecting the change of speed, a brake toretard the rotation of the change gearing during the Ychange vof speedland means to apply the brake by the'movement of the actuator.

5. The combination with a driving shaft, of a transmission gearingconnected thereto, and provided With tivo shiftable gears, an actuator;Ifor each gear, a vbrake for the drivingl sliaft and means to operate thebrake by the movement of either actuator.

6. In a driving mechanism, t-he combination with a driving shaft and adriven shaft, of a transmission gearing connecting said shaftsg-facasing inclsing said transmission gearing, andV :f 'brake for thedrivingshaft inclosed-wi-thjn said casing.

.xf driving mechanism, the combinationivithfaidrivmg shaft and a 'drivenshaft, ,of a `transmission gearing connecting said s'hafts,`acasinginclosing said transmissionv gearing, a brake for thel drivingshaft inclosed Withinthc casing, an actuatcrfor shifting thetransmission gearingI to effect a afhange of speed, and means to applythe brake by the movement of ithe actuator.

8. In a driving mechanism, the combination with' a driving'fand a drivenshaft,"of transmission gearing connecting said shafts and corinrising`two gears, afshiftable gear movable from a position in mesh with onegear to a position in mesh with the-"other gear, an actuator for saidsh'1ftablc'gear,a

brake for the driving` shaft, means operated.

by sad'actu-a'tor after it hasadvanced vs'urf' name to thisspecification, in the :presence of oientlyto disconnect the shift'ablegear from 'two subscribing witnesses. one of said rstfnamed .gears toapply the Ybrake,and ,;1f1en to release the brake before N f JOHNECKHARD" 5 the comp'eton of the movement of said Witnesses:

actuator, v .LOUIS C. Swain,

In testimony whereof, I have signed my 'FREDERICKSLGREENLEAR

